Dr E.W. Adikaram (1905–1985) was a Pali scholar, educationist and philosopher.
His doctoral study Early History of Buddhism in Ceylon (1946), written at the University of London, reconstructed the development of the Sri Lankan Buddhist tradition from the commentarial literature and remains a standard reference.
He was a school principal and a lifelong advocate of educational reform, vegetarianism and non-violence, and became closely associated with the teachings of Jiddu Krishnamurti, whose work he introduced widely in Sri Lanka. He argued against nationalism and against organised religion as a source of division, positions that placed him well outside the mainstream of Sinhala Buddhist opinion in his lifetime.